This is an important article because it reveals  how the use of a medium format camera (Rolleiflex initially, then, later, Mamiya) to create diagnostic-quality hard copy negative transparencies (standard black-and-white 120 film) of the fluoroscopic image on a high-resolution video monitor, avoided the use of radiographs (the universal custom, with far higher x-ray doses). I used this analog technique for a decade. Currently, fluoroscopic imaging and radiographic imaging go one step further along this line by using computerized digital imaging for fluoroscopy and radiography. The medium format camera technique recorded my diagnostic ultrasound images as transparencies.

ABSTRACT: A technique is described to produce diagnostic quality 70 mm x 60 mm films of upper GI fluoroscopy of the video-displayed image on a “slave” monitor, obtained at a dose of 0.01 milligray (1 millirad) for a 20 cm water equivalent phantom. Because the photograph is the same image already being observed, the films require no added dose over that needed for an adequate fluoroscopic examination. Diagnostic films may be made from the replay of a video-cassette recorder. With exposure times of 1/30th of a second, movement blur is easily prevented.